‘’Diabetes’’, we all are familiar with this word as it is very common in every third person of the country. Diabetes is a condition in which the level of blood glucose goes very high. This is caused due to insufficient amount of insulin present in our body.
We all know that we obtain glucose from the foods we consumed, and this glucose convert in the energy with the help of hormone named as insulin. These energies get further used by cells of body. But if there is no sufficient insulin available in our body the glucose which we get from our food will not convert into energy and remains in their actual forms which results in increased glucose level in our blood streams.
Basically, there are three types of diabetes exists:
- Type 1 diabetes– In type 1 diabetes, our body are unable to produce insulin.
- Type 2 diabetes– This is a very common type of diabetes, in which our body may produce insulin but our cells are unable to respond them.
- Gestational diabetes- This type of diabetes mostly occurs in women specially in pregnancy.
Causes of Diabetes
- Family history
- Overweight
- High cholesterol
- Older age group
- Poor health diet
Treatment of Diabetes
Diabetes can be controlled by artificial insulin therapy in the form of injection or insulin pump or antidiabetic medications like:
- Biguanides: Example metformin, phenformin, buformin etc.
- Sulfonylureas: Example glimepiride, tobutamide, glipizide, giclazide etc.
- Alpha–glucosidase inhibitors– Examples acarbose, voglibose, migitol etc.
- Dipeptidyl peptidase -4 inhibitors- Example Sitagliptin, vidagliptin etc.
- Glycosurics– Example dapagliflozin, canagliflozin etc.
These antidiabetic medicines falls under general medicines category, manufactures by many pharmaceutical companies like Affy group who are the manufacturers of general tablets in India, having wide range of antidiabetic medicines.